Understanding the Sun's Rays
The sun emits a broad spectrum of electromagnetc energy, including x-rays, gamma rays, infrared rays, cosmic rays, radio waves, ultraviolet light, and visible light. These waves irradiate toward the earth. Most are filtered out by the earth's atmosphere, including the most powerful ultraviolet wavelength, known as UVC. UVA and UVB, the other two UV wavelengths, do permeate the atmosphere and cause skin aging and skin cancer.
In recent years, research has demonstrated the important differences between UVA and UVB. UVB rays are shorter, more powerful rays that affect the epidermis (outer layer of skin) and are responsible for the sunburns we feel when our skin is unprotected. UVB rays tend to be more intense at higher altitudes and during summer months. Research shows repeated exposure to UVB rays can affect the immune system and lead to basal cell skin cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma, the most deadly form of skin cancer.
UVA rays, though longer than and not as powerful as UVB rays, are believed to penetrate more deeply into the skin, causing damage to collagen and cells that are in the dermis. Although some people might believe that tanning beds are a safer method of tanning, UVA rays are more prevalent and stronger in tanning beds than in natural sunlight. UVA rays cause skin tanning, age spots, and wrinkling of the skin, as well as contribute to the development of skin cancer.
Although direct sun exposure can cause irreparable damage, your skin is also exposed to UVA and UVB rays at home and at work on a daily basis. UVA rays can actually pass through windows in your home and cars. Both UVA and UVB rays can reflect off of sand, water, and pavement, exposing you to UV radiation even in the shade. In addition, some indoor office lightbulbs emit UVA and UVB rays, though at much lower levels than sunlight. The effects of such chronic exposure can be minimized with makeup and moisturizers that contain sunscreens.
UV Rays and Your Skin
The skin, while extremely effective at protecting the body from disease and invaders, is delicate enough to be damaged by the accumulation of daily UV exposure that we receive over a lifetime. When we are exposed to UVA and UVB radiation, whether from the sun or elsewhere, the body's defense mechanism attempts to protect the skin by triggering the production of pigment. Melanocytes, which are in the lower level of the skin, produce a pigment called melanin. Melanin granules collect together in little packages as melanosomes, which then migrate to the skin's surface as skin cells go through their natural process of sloughing off. This visible tan is....to continue click here
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